Metode Kritik Alkitab Julius Wellhausen
Tantangan dan Peluang bagi Teologi Kristen
Abstrak
Hipotesis Dokumen Wellhausen adalah teori yang menyatakan bahwa Kitab Pentateukh (Kejadian, Keluaran, Imamat, Bilangan, dan Ulangan) disusun dari empat sumber utama, yaitu Jahwist (J), Elohist (E), Priest (P), dan Deuteronomy (D). Hipotesis Dokumen Wellhausen, yang dikemukakan oleh Julius Wellhausen pada abad ke-19, menyatakan bahwa Kitab Pentateukh (Kejadian, Keluaran, Imamat, Bilangan, dan Ulangan) merupakan komposisi dari empat sumber utama: Jahwist (J), Elohist (E), Priest (P), dan Deuteronomy (D). Artikel ini akan membahas hipotesis ini dengan menggunakan metode Tinjauan Literatur yakni Melakukan kajian komprehensif terhadap sumber-sumber ilmiah, termasuk buku, jurnal, dan artikel akademis yang membahas Hipotesis Dokumen Wellhausen. Hipotesis Dokumen Wellhausen telah menjadi subjek perdebatan yang sengit selama bertahun-tahun. Beberapa orang berpendapat bahwa hipotesis ini terlalu sederhana, dan bahwa Pentateukh tidak dapat dengan mudah dijelaskan sebagai kumpulan sumber yang terpisah. Namun, hipotesis ini tetap menjadi salah satu teori yang paling diterima secara luas tentang asal-usul Kitab Pentateukh.
##plugins.generic.usageStats.downloads##
Referensi
Ayu, Lili Wulandhari. “Menulis Tinjauan Pustaka.” Binus University School of Cumputer Science, 2023. https://socs.binus.ac.id/2018/12/06/menulis-tinjauan-pustaka/.
Bandstra, Barry L. Reading the Old Testament. Reading the Old Testament: An Introduction to the Hebrew Bible, 4th Edition, 2009.
Benware, Paul N. Survey of the Old Testament. Chicago, IL: Moody Press, 1993.
Blommendaal, J. Pengantar Kepada Perjanjian Lama. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2008.
Boiliu, Noh Ibrahim, and Otieli Harefa. “Pendekatan Horst Dietrich Preuss Dan Gerhard Von Rad Dalam Metodologi Teologi Perjanjian Lama.” Jurnal Regula Fidei 4 (2019): 14–23.
Elsmere, Robert, The Fathers, The Victorian, and World Picture. Wellhausen and His School : The Jewish Response to Higher Criticism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Library, 1908.
Elwell, Walter A., and Barry J. Beitzel. Ensiklopedia Alkitab Baker. Edited by Baker Book House. Grand Rapids, MI, 1988.
Free, Joseph P. “Archaeology and Biblical Criticism: Part III: Archaeology and Liberalism.” Bibliotheca Sacra 113, no. 452 (1956).
Harrison, RK. Introduction to the Old Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdamans Publishing, 1999.
Jan, Christian Gertz, Angelika, Berlejung, Schmid Kondrad, and Witte Markus. Purwa Pustaka: Eksplorasi Ke Dalam Kitab-Kitab Perjanjian Lama Dan Deuterononika. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2017.
Lasor, W.S., D.A. Hubbard, and F.W. Bush. Pengantar Perjanjian Lama 1. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2008.
New World Encyclopedia. “Documentary Hypothesis,” 2023. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Documentary_hypothesis.
Preuss, H.D. Old Testament Theology. 1st ed. Louisville, Kentucky: Westminister John Knox Press, 1991.
Preuss, Horst Dietrich. Old Testament Theology. Volume I. The Old Testament Library, 2004.
Seters, John Van. The Pentateuch: A Social-Science Commentary. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1999.
Sihombing, Aeron F. “Kritik Redaksi Deuteronomi.” TE DEUM (Jurnal Teologi Dan Pengembangan Pelayanan) 6, no. 1 (2019): 243–71.
Soggin, J. A. Introduction to the Old Testament. Philadelphia: Westminte Press, 1999.
Thompson, Barry P., ed. Scripture: Meaning and Method. Hull, England: Hull University Press, 1987.
Wolf, Herbert M. An Introduction to the Old Testament Pentateuch. Chicago, IL.: Moody Press, 1991.
##submission.copyrightStatement##
##submission.license.cc.by4.footer##Examples of Creative Commons Licensing Notifications in the Copyright Notices
1. Proposed Policy for Journals That Offer Open Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
2. Proposed Policy for Journals That Offer Delayed Open Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication, with the work [SPECIFY PERIOD OF TIME] after publication simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
